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ELDER, AMERICAN (Sambucus canadensis) H-13

The dark-green, pinnate compound leaves are made up of seven saw-toothed leaflets. Flowers are small, yellow white, usually quite profuse, and cover the entire plant. The purple-black berries ripen in August through September and are good for making jellies and attracting birds. The shrub may grow 5-12’ in height. Native: Nova Scotia and Manitoba to Florida and Texas.

ELM, AMERICAN (Ulmus americana) A-13

Thick, ash-gray bark shows diamond-shaped furrows on the trunk. The trunk divides into several limbs which gives the tree its characteristic vase shape. Dense clusters of tiny, purple-brown flowers clothe the twig ends in early spring. The flowers are quickly followed by bunches of light-green, winged fruit. The double-toothed leaves are dark green with a sandpapery feel on the tops, and a soft, downy feel on the undersides. The leaf base is typically lopsided (an elm characteristic). The autumnal color varies in its yellow coloring. Height can be between 60-80’. Native: North America.

ELM, SCOTS (Ulmus glabra ‘Camperdownii’) D-1

This is a small, neat, compact elm with pendulous branches that form a dome-shaped head. It grow 15-25’ in height and is grafted. Notice the galls growing on the leaves. Galls are abnormal swelling of plant tissue which can be caused by insects, microorganisms, or external injuries. These will not harm the tree. Coarsely saw-toothed leaves are large, short stalked, unequal at the base, and rough to the touch. Winged fruit appears in spring. This variety rarely suckers. Native: Northern and central Europe and western Asia.

ELM, SIBERIAN (Ulmus pumila) J-3

This tree grows 50-70’ high. Its large, spreading branches grow on weak wood which results in considerable breakage. The dark-green foliage is loved by insects. The fruit is a circular samara. Native: Eastern Siberia, northern China, Manchuria, and Korea.

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